As Israel and Hamas representatives convene in Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, for indirect peace negotiations, former President Donald Trump’s ambitious 20-point peace framework emerges as the foundational document for potentially ending the devastating Israel-Gaza conflict. While this development marks the closest both parties have come to meaningful dialogue, several critical challenges threaten to derail the process.
The framework, which has secured Israel’s full agreement and partial acceptance from Hamas, demands the release of all remaining hostages within 72 hours of deal implementation. Currently, 48 Israeli hostages remain in Gaza, with intelligence suggesting only 20 are still alive. While President Trump has expressed optimism about an imminent release, the reality on the ground presents significant complications.
Hamas’s strategic position hinges entirely on these hostages – their sole bargaining chip in negotiations. Their acceptance of the “exchange formula” comes with nebulous “field conditions,” raising legitimate concerns about their genuine commitment to release. The terrorist organization’s history of leveraging hostages for maximum political gain cannot be ignored in these calculations.
The framework’s requirement for Hamas to completely disarm represents perhaps the most significant hurdle. Prime Minister Netanyahu has consistently maintained that the complete destruction of Hamas remains Israel’s primary objective. Netanyahu’s recent statement that “Hamas will be disarmed and Gaza will be demilitarized – either the easy way or the hard way” demonstrates Israel’s unwavering position on this crucial point.
Notably, Hamas’s response conspicuously omitted any mention of disarmament, maintaining their long-held position that weapons surrender would only follow Palestinian statehood. This fundamental disagreement threatens to undermine the entire peace process before it begins.
The governance structure proposed in Trump’s framework envisions a temporary transitional body of Palestinian technocrats, overseen by a “Board of Peace” led by Trump himself and including former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair. The Palestinian Authority would eventually assume control of Gaza – a point that has already generated significant tension within Netanyahu’s coalition government.
Netanyahu’s public pushback against PA involvement, even while standing alongside Trump, reveals the complex political dynamics at play. His governing coalition, particularly the ultranationalist faction, advocates for maintaining Israeli control over Gaza and potentially reestablishing Jewish settlements in the territory.
The current negotiations represent a critical juncture in the Israel-Gaza conflict. While Trump’s framework provides a starting point for discussions, the fundamental disagreements over disarmament, governance, and security guarantees present substantial obstacles to achieving lasting peace. The success of these talks will ultimately depend on both parties’ willingness to make difficult concessions and their ability to overcome deeply entrenched positions that have historically prevented meaningful progress toward resolution.